In part to climate change, but especially for the increasing world population, that of water and 'a problem that becomes more and more' dramatic, not because availability of 'theory, and in relation to distribution. is estimated, in fact, currently being used maybe 30% of available water, but in this 30% are included as Iceland, which has 500 thousand cubic meters of water per capita per year, as well as' Canada, which has 20% of global water resources, as Egypt that, despite the Nile water has only a few cubic meters per capita per year.
The average requirement of water is estimated between 600 and 860 cubic meters per capita (from 1,600 to 2,400 gallons per day) but 'various international organizations consider the "shortage" a situation in which every resident has less than 1,000 cubic meters per 'year. Even more 'imbalances are also evident in respect of drinking water availability against a' day of 600 liters per capita in the United States and 200 in Europe, the people of Africa can only count on 40 liters, and even with them considerable differences country to country. Over the past twenty years the global need for water and 'increased by 40% and most of the increase and it' occurred in countries of the precious liquid already 'they had little, greatly exacerbating the difficulties' transport and distribution.
The impairment of the environment caused by industrial development is manifested not only in cases of frequent and deliberate pollution of waters and groundwater, even in deforestation, which leads shortage 'of rain in some areas and floods in other periodic and violent .
Our country and 'one of the most' high water in the world with 155 billion cubic meters per year, equivalent to 2,700 cubic meters per capita. Pero, 'irregularities' and inefficiencies flows reduce this willingness' to total 110 billion cubic meters and 2,000 cubic meters per capita. The availability 'is further reduced if we consider only fresh water (fresh water) term which means the water contains low concentrations of salts and other dissolved solids. In Italy the availability 'per head of the precious liquid and' lower than other major industrialized countries and also from different countries in the developing world.
In fact, the availability 'of water continues to decrease and for four months a year on 15% of the population, or about 8 million people, and' below the water needs at least 50 liters of water a day per person. This also because 'water and' output a myriad of agencies and other entities through 13 thousand water systems: one third of the available water is lost along networks often crumbling and corroded, enters the water pipes but is lost on the road. Even in many homes are made waste: taps and leaking pipes, water left to flow unnecessarily long, excessive waterings and then practically non-existent recycling and reuse of water.
To remedy this situation, it is in Italy as in the world, huge investments and especially the adoption of economic policies geared to the principle of charging consumers the real costs of water (very similar to what is happening already ' for gas and electricity). Altrettutto useful other strategies which would be a massive use of desalination plants from which to obtain water for agriculture as well as' the use of alternative and innovative irrigation systems to save water.
And then, there should not be surprised if in the coming decades was just the water to become an economic and even prominent political relations among nations and also within them. On the site
Altroconsumo lists the recommendations for the best use of the precious liquid and spend less on economic and environmental terms.
Source: Studies and research engineer
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